Everything about chemistry

Oxygen-atomic Number-8. In the discovery of oxygen 3 scientists give contribution. 1. Before 1604 - Michael sendivogius. 2. In 1773- carl wihelm. 3. 1774- priestly . The name oxygen was given in 1777 by Antoine lavoisier. By mass is the third most abundant element.   Nasent oxygen is harmful ( O). It is useful when it is O2 ; dioxygen. It is colourless,odourless gas. Dioxygen constitutes 20.8% earth atomsphere.  Naturally occurring oxygen is in form ( 16 O) isotope most abundant i.e.99.76%. Another form of oxygen is ozone ( O3). Ozone helps us in protecting from ultraviolet radiation,harmful rays . It is basically umbrella of Earth. Universe contains 'oxygen' at the rate of : 1% Sun contains 'oxygen' at the rate of:0.9% Oceans contains'oxygen'at the rate of:23% Human body contains'oxygen'at the rate of:61% The earth's crust consists of 'oxygen'at the rate of:46% Meteorites consist of'oxygen'at the rat...

Anything which has mass & occupies space is called matter. Everything around us , for example book, pen , pencil, water, paper,air,all living beings etc. are composed of matters. Matter exist in three physical State. 1.solid : have definite volume & shape 2.liquid : have definite volume but not definite shape 3.gas :  have neither definite volume nor shape. These three physical State are interchangeable..  Soliid~ liquid ~ gas  by  heating or cooling. At microscopic level , matter can be classified as. Mixture or pure substance. 1. Types of mixture.                      2. Pure substance                                                           a) elements                 ...

1.Organic chemistry:    IT is study of  most carbon containing compounds https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_chemistry?wprov=sfla1 Application: pharmaceuticals, different industries , research, plastic,  2.Inorganic chemistry:   IT is the study all elements others than carbon . Means others compound which contains carbon this also come under inorganic chemistry.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inorganic_chemistry?wprov=sfla1 Application:  minerals, metals& non- metals, semiconductor, electrochemistry, research. 3.Physical chemistry:   The study of behaviour & changes of matter &the releted energy changes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry?wprov=sfla1 Application: chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, viscosity, surface tension . 4.Analytical chemistry: compounds & their composition analysis, industry, production. Application  :industry food nutrients, quality control. 5...

First discovery of drug?  In 1820 the drug was discovered  from bark of tree i.e. discovery of quinine. Anti malarial drug which also has antipyretic (fevar reducing) properties.upto 2006 quinine was among the first line treatment for malaria. After Modifying that structure of quinine many  drugs are discovered.  This is an Classical  example how one can use traditional methods to discover a drug. Discovery of penicillium - Alexander Fleming. Alexander Fleming who was microbiologist who was working with staphylococcus aureus &once during in many years working in lab he left a petri dish  containing staphylococcus. After several months once he got back he found that there was some contamination  in the Petri dish he observed that there was a family of moulds which is basically fungus is growing and that fungas was stoping the growth of staphylococcus aureus that is  subsequently identified as penicillium. It means that discovery of p...

" Chemistry is the science of molecules and their transformations.it is the science not so much of the 100 elements but of infinite variety of molecules that may be built from them". medical chemistry is the highly interdisciplinary subject with lots of inputs from organic chemistry, biochemistry,pharmacology, and other fields. Medicines  are used to treat diseases. What is drug ( medicine) ? Drugs  are the molecules used as medicines are as components of medicine to treat organised cure migraine treat or prevent diseases. Medical chemistry includes : 1.isolation of compounds from nature : penicillium 2.investigation of structure - activity relationship. 3. Metabolic transformation of these compounds. 4. Absorption, distribution & transport  properties. How does one discover a drug ? 1. By going into history.i.e. traditional medicine. 2. Discovery by accident. 3. These are practices come from one generation to the other. After di...

WHAT IS COLOUR  The colour is something that is the appearance that it has as a on result of the way in which it reflects it. Types of colours : 1. Primary colours : Red, yellow , Blue. 2. Secondary colours : orange , green , violet 3. Tertiary colours : Red-orange, yellow -orange, yellow-green ,Red- violet. Formation of colours : With the this primary colours , mixing them in proper way basic colours are formed. This primary colours are used in printing materials , clothes . Dyes:  A dye is coloured substance which is water soluble .  Types of Dyes: 1.natural dyes: these are derived from plant sources are : roots , berries, bark, leaves, wood, fungi& lichens. Most of the Dyes are synthetic that is man made from petrochemical. Pigments: a pigment is a material that changes the colour of reflected light as the result of selective wavelength absorption.  Some interesting facts: Why colour of leaves is green in most of plant...

"chemistry is the science of molecules & their transformations. IT is the science not so much of the 100 elements but of infinite variety of molecules that may be built from them". " No single industry in the world can't be run without chemistry". Chemistry includes lot of branches organic, inorganic, medical, biochemistry, pharmacology, polymer chemistry, metallurgy, nanotechnology etc... Everything around We see is application of chemistry.     Chemistry is the heart of science. This is my first blog .I give  Introduction  about chemistry . For daily updates about chemistry see this Blog.  vidhateashish9@gmail.com